1491
Jacques
Cartier was born at Saint-Malo in Brittany
May
1520
Jacques
Cartier married Catherine Des Granches, but they had no children. It was a
good marriage as Catherine Des Granches was the daughter of Jacques Des
Granches a chevalier du roi and constable of Saint-Malo.
Jacques
Cartier lived in Dieppe and acquired the skills of an experienced seaman.
Dieppe was the home of Giovanni da Verrazzano
1524-1527
Jacques
Cartier was believed to have accompanied Giovanni da Verrazzano on his
expeditions to North America exploring the northeast coast of North
America from Cape Fear, North Carolina to Maine and also a voyage to
Brazil
Giovanni
da Verrazzano was an Italian who sailed under the French flag for King
Francois I of France
Jacques
Cartier acquired a significant reputation as an experienced seaman and
navigator which would have been reported in Giovanni da Verrazzano's
reports to the French King
1532
Jean
Le Veneur, the bishop of Saint-Malo, recommended to King Francois that
Jacques Cartier be chosen to lead a voyage of discovery to the New World
and take the Catholic religion to the 'heathen natives'
1534
The
King of France, Francois I sent Jacques Cartier to "discover certain
islands and lands where it is said there is a large amount of gold and
other riches to be found."
Grande
Hermine was the name of the ship used by Jacques Cartier. The Grande
Hermine was a small ship of sixty tons. Another small ship accompanied the
Grande Hermine. Both ships had a crew of thirty men
1534
April
Jacques
Cartier leads his first voyage to North America from Saint Malo
Jacques
Cartier reaches Newfoundland and sails on to and explores the coast of
Labrador
Cartier
sailed inland, going 1,000 miles up the St. Lawrence River
Cartier
named Canada "Kanata" meaning village or settlement in the
Huron-Iroquois language
The
first voyage of Jacques Cartier lasted 137 days
He
returned to France and reported his explorations to the King of France
The
King offers Jacques Cartier another commission to return to Canada
1535
May 26
Jacques
Cartier leads a second voyage to Canada. On his second voyage, he had
three ships and 110 men
Jacques
Cartier travelled across the Atlantic and explored some land in Montreal
before returning to spend the winter at Stadacona (Quebec), near some
friendly native villages.
The
winter saw an outbreak of scurvy which cost the lives of 25 of the men
1536
May 6
Jacques
Cartier left Quebec and sailed for France
1536
July 16
Jacques
Cartier returned safely to Saint-Malo
Jacques
Cartier reported back to the King of France and the French council started
to make plans to colonise Canada
1540
Jean
Francois de la Rocque, Sieur de Roberval (1500-1560) was commanded by the
French king to take charge of the colonization of Canada
1541
Jacques
Cartier was instructed to lead a third voyage to Canada and redezvous with
Sieur de Roberval who was to follow Cartier's expedition
Jacques
Cartier waited for Jean Francois de la Rocque, Sieur de Roberval whilst
enduring a bitterly cold winter
Jacques
Cartier made the decision to return to France. He eventually met with
Sieur de Roberval in Newfoundland. Jacques Cartier warned de Roberval not
to go to Canada because of the terrible weather conditions
1542
Jacques
Cartier returned to France and waited for news of Sieur de Roberval
Sieur
de Roberval ignored the warnings of Jacques Cartier and travelled to
Quebec. His attempts to start a settlement was abandoned due to the
bitterly cold winter and the expedition returned to France on June 6 1543
1545
Jacques
Cartier published an account of his expeditions and voyages of
explorations
1557
1 September
Jacques
Cartier died 1 September, 1557 at his manor of Limoilou, near Saint-Malo
1575
April
Catherine
Des Granches, the widow of Jacques Cartier, died at Limoilou